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Gen expresion of high affinity choline transporter in mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Kurfürst, Helena ; Doležal, Vladimír (advisor) ; Krištofíková, Zdena (referee)
: Choline is being used in all mammalian cells as a precursor for synthesis of a major phospholipide phosphatidylcholine and as a donor of acetyl residues. Cholinergic neurons in addition require choline to synthesize neuromediator acetylcholine. The ability of cells to create choline via de novo synthesis is limited and therefore they need to transport choline from extracellular space. Limited availability of choline in brain leads specifically to diminished function of cholinergic neurons and in general to impaired reparation of biological membranes. Dysfunctions of cholinergic signaling in brain is characteristic for Alzheimer's disease. Aim of this work was to investigate whether gene and protein expression of high- affinity cholinergic transporters is altered in 5-6 months old APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Expression of specific high-affinity cholinergic transporter CHT1 (responsible for transport of choline to be used for acetylcholine synthesis) and putative high-afinity choline transporter CTL1 (generally present in all cells and related to high affinity choline transport for phospholipide synthesis) in cerebral cortex was measured. Compared to non-trangenic littermates, no changes in the expression of both genes were detected at either mRNA (quantitative PCR) or protein...
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Specifics of teaching of French as a foreign language of adolescents and adults students at the beginner level A1
Vlasatá, Adéla ; Machleidtová, Silva (advisor) ; Müllerová, Eva (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze, from general didactic perspective, specifics of French language teaching of adolescent as well as adult students at the beginner level. More specifically, socalled FLE teaching within informal educational environment of a particular language school in Prague is examined. In order to do so, this thesis is divided into two sections. In the first theoretical section, the compilation method is employed, resulting in detailed analysis of selected didactic themes related to the defined aim of the thesis. The second, supporting section consists of specially compiled survey analysis, which focuses on themes covered at the first theoretical part. It is worth noting that perspectives of students are captured as a result of the survey analysis. The major contribution of this thesis is a comprehensive theoretical and practical view on not yet separately compiled methodology of teaching of French language of beginning, predominantly adult students, in the context of Czech informal educational environment.
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The Role of Empathy in Ethical Behaviour
Novák, Lukáš ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
More than two hundred years ago David Hume together with his fellow philosopher Adam Smith posited, that ethical behaviour arises from so called: "moral sense". In the other words, they share the same idea, that passions are principle evoking and guiding human behaviour. Hume claim: "Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions" (…). It is possible that this statement - among others - woke up from the 'dogmatic dream' one of the greatest philosophers of all time - Immanuel Kant, who propose, - contrary to Hume - that reason but not necessary passions can determinate human actions. In the question of what rule the passions in ethics have, it seems to be helpful to use the knowledge which follows from recent science. During this thesis we will use methods such as: comparison, analysis and synthesis. Main aim of this thesis will be to deal with the following question: what relationship can be observed between empathy, "moral sense" and ethical behaviour in perspective of recent science. This enquiry will therefore try to deal with the old question: what the the relationship between reason, passions and ethical behaviour is.
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Word, speech and language. Interdisciplinary field of theology and neuroscience.
Tomášek, Martin ; Vogel, Jiří (advisor) ; Vik, Dalibor (referee)
74 Abstract Logos is the multi-meaning term accompanying philosophy from the earliest authors. In general, the term logos has historically had two main groups of meanings. The first group concerns speech (word, speech, sentence…) and the second group of meanings concerns reason (thought, reason, mind, thinking…). In philosophical-theological thinking the second group passes into the idea of reason transcending man - "divine" or "world reason". The theoretical basis of the duality of both speech and reason was postulated by analytical philosophy. As Humboldt was already convinced, thinking was always associated with language, speech was an organ of creating thoughts. Pneumatological philosopher Ebner says: man is by nature "the Spirit who posseses the word," "there is no reason without the Word," and "reason is speech, logos". Within the philosophy of language Wittgenstein argues: "the boundaries of my language create the boundaries of my world," and "a sentence is an image of reality". Fodor's linguistic works on the inner language of thought ("Mentalese") and especially Chomsky's theory of the existence of a structure for "universal grammar" in the human brain provide preconditions for the search of such a structure. Neuroscientific research confirms these assumptions. Structures specialized for speech...
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The Role of Empathy in Ethical Behaviour
Novák, Lukáš ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
More than two hundred years ago David Hume together with his fellow philosopher Adam Smith posited, that ethical behaviour arises from so called: "moral sense". In the other words, they share the same idea, that passions are principle evoking and guiding human behaviour. Hume claim: "Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions" (…). It is possible that this statement - among others - woke up from the 'dogmatic dream' one of the greatest philosophers of all time - Immanuel Kant, who propose, - contrary to Hume - that reason but not necessary passions can determinate human actions. In the question of what rule the passions in ethics have, it seems to be helpful to use the knowledge which follows from recent science. During this thesis we will use methods such as: comparison, analysis and synthesis. Main aim of this thesis will be to deal with the following question: what relationship can be observed between empathy, "moral sense" and ethical behaviour in perspective of recent science. This enquiry will therefore try to deal with the old question: what the the relationship between reason, passions and ethical behaviour is.
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Theological Aspects of Coaching
Macek, Karel ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Mašek, Vojtěch (referee)
Coaching is a modern tool for personal development with many advantages and successful applications. However, some concerns arise from the religious and ethical perspectives. Links to esoterics and New Age have been proclaimed by leaders of coaching schools that operate in the Czech Republic. Moreover, a survey has indicated that ethical limits of Czech coaches are more liberal than the official position of the Catholic Church. Thus, for a Catholic Christian, the coaching is promising as well as questionable. Biblical texts, as well as the facts from the subsequent history of Church, indicate many similarities: Christianity has exhibited marks of coaching since the very beginnings. On the other hand, most of the coaching schools deny God, absolute truth, or the concept of sin. An appropriate approach how to address this tension is a reflection of anthropological fundaments. Analyzing sincerely one of the coaching schools (Neuroleadership), we can conclude that all of them have clear counterparts in the Christian doctrine. In spite to this positive conclusion, it is necessary to be cautious when facing practical ethical dilemmas. A wise application of the coaching approach can be helpful also in the spiritual direction. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Neuromarketing: Theory and Practice
Janoušek, Tomáš ; Dolanský, Pavel (advisor) ; Koudelková, Petra (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Communication Studies and Journalism Neuromarketing: Theory and Practice (bachelor's thesis), Tomáš Janoušek Abstract This thesis seeks to provide a comprehensive insight into neuromarketing. Neuromarketing is a discipline that uses neuroscientific methods to analyse and understand human behaviour in relation to markets and marketing exchanges. After definitions of related terms of marketing, neuroscience and neuroeconomy, the thesis offers various definitions of neuromarketing itself. Further, it presents an overview of the history and the neuroscientific techniques used by neuromarketing (electroencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, biometrics and others). The theoretical part is divided, in accordance with the customer's decision process, into chapters dealing with attention, conscious and unconscious mental processes, emotions, choice, senses, mirror neurons and brands. The thesis also addresses the neuromarketing practice, including the optimization of marketing communications (in advertising, new media and point-of-sale) and neuromarketing research. The ethical question of the use of neuromarketing is also discussed.
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The Problem of Application of the Method of Cognitive Science of Religion in Interpretation of Ancient Mystery Cults
Grulich, Jakub ; Chlup, Radek (advisor) ; Pehal, Martin (referee)
The thesis presents the method of the Cognitive Science of Religion and critically evaluates its contribution to the academic study of religion. Advantages and drawbacks of this method are illustrated on the interpretation of the rituals of ancient mystery cults. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part is initially presented the position of the Cognitive Science of Religion within the Religious Studies research and compared with other disciplines. Attention is paid to the sources and methodological paradigm of the Cognitive Science of Religion. The most extensive passages in the first part are chapters devoted to the method itself and its application in explaining of religious ideas and rituals. The second part focuses on the analysis and interpretation of the mystery cults. Due to the limited space of the thesis and problematic sources are chosen as an example the Eleusinian mysteries. Firstly is presented the positions of mystery cults in the religious life of the Greek polis and then the course of the ritual and mythological background of the mysteries. Attention is paid to the changes of the Eleusinian mysteries in time, especially by using knowledge of stratigraphic survey of the site and archaeological finds. Part of the thesis is a separate chapter devoted to the use of the...
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Specifics of teaching of French as a foreign language of adolescents and adults students at the beginner level A1
Vlasatá, Adéla ; Machleidtová, Silva (advisor) ; Müllerová, Eva (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze, from general didactic perspective, specifics of French language teaching of adolescent as well as adult students at the beginner level. More specifically, socalled FLE teaching within informal educational environment of a particular language school in Prague is examined. In order to do so, this thesis is divided into two sections. In the first theoretical section, the compilation method is employed, resulting in detailed analysis of selected didactic themes related to the defined aim of the thesis. The second, supporting section consists of specially compiled survey analysis, which focuses on themes covered at the first theoretical part. It is worth noting that perspectives of students are captured as a result of the survey analysis. The major contribution of this thesis is a comprehensive theoretical and practical view on not yet separately compiled methodology of teaching of French language of beginning, predominantly adult students, in the context of Czech informal educational environment.
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Gen expresion of high affinity choline transporter in mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Kurfürst, Helena ; Krištofíková, Zdena (referee) ; Doležal, Vladimír (advisor)
: Choline is being used in all mammalian cells as a precursor for synthesis of a major phospholipide phosphatidylcholine and as a donor of acetyl residues. Cholinergic neurons in addition require choline to synthesize neuromediator acetylcholine. The ability of cells to create choline via de novo synthesis is limited and therefore they need to transport choline from extracellular space. Limited availability of choline in brain leads specifically to diminished function of cholinergic neurons and in general to impaired reparation of biological membranes. Dysfunctions of cholinergic signaling in brain is characteristic for Alzheimer's disease. Aim of this work was to investigate whether gene and protein expression of high- affinity cholinergic transporters is altered in 5-6 months old APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Expression of specific high-affinity cholinergic transporter CHT1 (responsible for transport of choline to be used for acetylcholine synthesis) and putative high-afinity choline transporter CTL1 (generally present in all cells and related to high affinity choline transport for phospholipide synthesis) in cerebral cortex was measured. Compared to non-trangenic littermates, no changes in the expression of both genes were detected at either mRNA (quantitative PCR) or protein...
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